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合同翻译的要求、注意事项及其案例

2014-6-20 16:10| 查看: 3178| 评论: 0|来自: 豆丁网

摘要: 合同翻译的要求、注意事项及其案例 鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文 ...

 

合同翻译的要求、注意事项及其案例

 

 鉴于现在对外交流事例逐渐增多,英文合同特别是经济合同的翻译愈显重要,若译文不准确或不严谨,势必会引起不必要的经济纠纷.故今以一英文(经济)合同写作书籍为蓝本,录入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文(经济)合同的翻译和写作。

 

 合同文件是合同双方签订并必须遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的语言应体现其权威性.英文合同用语的特点之一就表现在用词上,即选择那些法律用词,以及正式用词,使合同表达的意思准确无误,达到双方对合同中使用的词无可争议的程度。

 

 福州翻译公司在多年合同翻译过程中,具有相当丰富的合同翻译的经验,整理出合同翻译该注意的基本事项,希望对大家有帮助。

 

 

 

 1.合同翻译的注意事项

 

 要翻译好合同,我们必须首先了解合同本身的特点。合同属法律文件,其条款内容周密,语言精确,毫不含糊。归纳起来,合同有以下几个特点:

 

 1.1选词具体

 

 合同的目的是明确参与各方的权利、义务。用词过于抽象,给人联想的余地就大。为了避免造成理解上的误区,用词须具体。

 

 1.2 用词精当

 

 1.3表达缜密

 

 合同是一种法律文本,往往一个限制性短语,甚至一个字都涉及到权利和义务。因此,为了使条款更准确,往往使用很多限制词语,句法结构也显得比较复杂。1)状语限定。状语可表时间、条件,因果,也可表方式,目的,从不同方面对合同各方权益进行严格的限定,以确保意思准确、不含糊。

 

 2.合同翻译实例:

 

 2.1 hereby

 

 英文释义:by means of , by reason of this

 

 中文译词:特此,因此,

 

 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。

 

 语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.

 

 1

 

 The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.

 

 参考译文:

 

 业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。

 

 注释:

 

 (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此

 

 (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立约,签订合同、条约; n. legal agreement具有法律约束的正式合同

 

 (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工

 

 (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中

 

 (5)the Contract Price: 合同总价,指工程的总造价

 

 (6)such...as: 关系代词,相当于that, which

 

 (7)under: in accordance with 根据,按照

 

 (8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同条款

 

 2

 

 We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.

 

 注释:

 

 1hereby:特此

 

 2to the best of our knowledgeas far as we know据我们所知

 

 3foregoing statementabove-mentioned statement上述声明

 

 4hereinin this, in the statement在声明中

 

 5documentary proof:证明文件

 

 参考译文:

 

 特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,应贵方要求出具证明文件。

 

 3

 

 This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and between     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B) on     (Date), in     (Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.

 

 注释:

 

 1hereby:特此

 

 2hereinafter referred to as Party A:以下称甲方

 

 3on the principle of equality and mutual benefit:在平等互利基础上

 

 4through amicable consultation:通过友好协商

 

 参考译文:

 

 本合同双方,     公司(以下称甲方)与     公司(以下称乙方),在平等互利基础上,通过友好协商,于               日在中国     (地点),特签订本合同。

 

 4

 

 This agreement is hereby made and entered into on     (Date), by and between     Co. China (hereinafter referred to as Party A) and     Co. (hereinafter referred to as Party B).

 

 注释:

 

 1this agreement is hereby made and entered into:特此订立本协议

 

 在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词:sign (make, conclude or enter into) this agreement, 按照同义词连用的写作特点,可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示)。

 

 2hereinafter referred to as Party B:以下简称乙方

 

 参考译文:

 

 本协议特由中国     公司(以下简称甲方)与     公司(以下简称乙方)于             日订立。

 

 

 

 

 

 2.2  hereof

 

 英文释义: of this

 

 中文译词:关于此点;在本文件中

 

 用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”时,使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时,可以说“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof”,这里hereof表示“of this Contract”;又如表示本工程的任何部分,可用“any parts hereof”,这里hereof表示“of this Works”。

 

 语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。

 

 hereofthereof的区别:hereof强调“of this”。例如,上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract;“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works

 

 

 

 

 

 1

 

 Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.

 

 注释:

 

 1Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not:不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,whetheror not:不论……是否

 

 2the owner of the goods:货方

 

 3without interruption:无间断地

 

 4carrier:承运人

 

 5in default on the provisions hereof:违反本款规定hereofof this Clause

 

 参考译文:

 

 不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,货方都应昼夜地,包括星期日和假日(如承运人需要),无间断地提供和提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏,包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。

 

 2

 

 Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade dealings.

 

 注释:

 

 1foreign trade dealers:对外贸易经营者

 

 2as mentioned in this Law:本法所称

 

 3the provisions hereofthe provisions of this Law 本法规定

 

 4legal entity:法人

 

 5be engaged in foreign trade dealings:从事对外贸易经营活动

 

 参考译文:

 

 本法所称对外贸易经营者,是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人和其他组织。

 

 3

 

 The establishment of a limited liability company or a company limited by shares shall comply with the conditions and provisions of this Law. A company complying with the conditions and provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares. Provided that if a company fails to comply with the conditions and provisions hereof, the company in question shall not be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares.

 

 注释:

 

 1a limited liability company:有限责任公司

 

 2a company limited by shares:股份有限公司

 

 3provisions hereof:本法规定hereof: of this Law

 

 4may be registered as:登记为

 

 参考译文:

 

 设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司,必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的,登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司;不符合本法规定的条件的,不得登记为有限责任公司或股份有限公司。

 

 4

 

 If, as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbitrator fails to perform his duties as an arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed.

 

 注释:

 

 1as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons:回避或者其它原因

 

 2arbitrator:仲裁员

 

 3the provisions hereofthe provisions of this Law 本法规定

 

 4be selected or appointed:选定或指定

 

 参考译文:

 

 仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的,应当依照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员。

 

 5

 

 In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall prevail.

 

 注释:

 

 1conflict:相抵触

 

 2prior to the effective date of this Law


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